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Treatment Basics
Acne can be treated. There are a variety of acne medications ranging from "mild" to "strong." Mild acne medications are available over-the-counter (meaning you do not need a prescription). Stronger acne medications require a prescription from your doctor.
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Over-the-Counter Acne Medications
Benzoyl peroxide is a mild antibiotic that kills the P. acnes bacteria.
Sulfur and salicylic acid have some mild ability to break down whiteheads and blackheads.
Prescription-Strength Acne Medication
Retinoids
Topical retinoids (Differin, Epiduo, Retin A Micro, Tazorac, isotretinoin, Ziana Gel) are among the most effective and commonly used acne medications. They are the most commonly prescribed class of medications for acne and have become a standard component of acne treatment. Topical retinoids are unique in their ability to unclog swollen pores.
A topical retinoid may be used alone for mild acne, but many dermatologists recommend "combination therapy," prescribing a topical retinoid for use with benzoyl peroxide or an antibiotic. They may also be recommended for long-term use, even after the acne is under control, to keep the skin clear.
Oral retinoids (Accutane, Sotret) may be prescribed for people with severe acne who are at risk of developing acne scars, or who have not responded to combination therapy with topical retinoids.
Antibiotics
Topical antibiotics, such as clindamycin (Clindagel) and erythromycin, are applied to the skin to kill the P. acnes bacteria that leads to inflammation.
Oral antibiotics, which include tetracycline, doxycycline (Adoxa, Doryx), and minocycline (Dynacin, Solodyn), can reach bacteria in the deep layers of the dermis. They are also used for their anti-inflammatory effects.
Oral Contraceptives
Oral contraceptives (Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Yaz) reduce sebum production. are prescribed for women who experience hormonally triggered acne.
Anti-Androgen Medications
Anti-androgen drugs, such as spironolactone (Aldactone), were developed for other medical conditions, but are known to reduce the levels of androgen in the blood. Androgens are the male hormones that, when found in high levels in the blood, can lead to a worsening of acne. Anti-androgens are usually only used for severe cases of acne.
This service should not be used in place of a visit, call, consultation with or the advice of your healthcare provider. Communicate promptly with your provider with any health related questions or concerns.
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